To capture the neural schemas underlying the notion of shared and complementary mental models, we examined the functional connectivity patterns and hyperbrain features of a juggling dyad involved in cooperative motor tasks of increasing difficulty. We also investigated how this relationship could be mirrored in the coupled functional organization of the interacting brains. We were interested in analyzing the between-brains coupling during a dyadic juggling task, and in exploring the relationship between the motor task execution, the jugglers’skill level and the task difficulty. We used the recently introduced participative “juggling paradigm,” and collected neuro-physiological and psycho-social data. In this proof of concept study, we explored the conceptual notion of shared and complementary mental models through EEG mapping of two brains performing a real-world interactive motor task of increasing difficulty. Research on cooperative behavior and the social brain exists, but little research has focused on real-time motor cooperative behavior and its neural correlates. Hyperbrain features of team mental models within a juggling paradigm: a proof of concept. Cite this article Filho E, Bertollo M, Tamburro G, Schinaia L, Chatel-Goldman J, di Fronso S, Robazza C, Comani S. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. Licence This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy DOI 10.7717/peerj.2457 Published Accepted Received Academic Editor Tsung-Min Hung Subject Areas Neuroscience, Kinesiology, Psychiatry and Psychology Keywords Hyperscanning, Juggling paradigm, Shared mental models, Complementary mental models, Functional connectivity, Graph theory analysis, Social neuroscience, Team mental models Copyright © 2016 Filho et al. 5 Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G.